Xylazine, commonly known as “tranq”, is a powerful veterinary sedative that has made its way into the illegal drug supply, often mixed with opioids like fentanyl. Unlike heroin or prescription painkillers, xylazine is not meant for human consumption, yet its presence in street drugs is growing at an alarming rate.
Because xylazine is a sedative, not an opioid, it does not respond to naloxone (Narcan), making overdoses even more dangerous. Its effects on the body can be devastating, leading to severe sedation, respiratory depression, and horrifying wounds that can result in tissue death and amputation.
Here’s what happens to your body when you use xylazine:
Immediate Effects: Sedation and Respiratory Depression
Xylazine is a central nervous system depressant, meaning it slows down vital functions like breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. Within minutes of taking it, users may experience:
- Extreme drowsiness or unconsciousness
- Slow, weak, or irregular breathing
- Low blood pressure
- Slowed heart rate
- Loss of coordination
- Blurred vision
Because xylazine is often mixed with fentanyl, its sedative effects can increase the risk of overdose. Unlike opioids, xylazine does not respond to Narcan, meaning even if someone is revived from an opioid overdose, the xylazine in their system may keep them unconscious and struggling to breathe.
The “Zombie Drug” Effect: Skin Ulcers and Tissue Death
One of the most disturbing effects of xylazine is its impact on the skin and soft tissue. Users can develop rotting wounds—even in areas where they haven’t injected the drug. These wounds:
- Start as scaly patches or open sores
- Can rapidly become infected and necrotic (dying tissue)
- May lead to amputation if untreated
This effect has earned xylazine the nickname “zombie drug”, as users often develop black, decaying wounds that won’t heal. The exact reason xylazine causes these wounds isn’t fully understood, but it’s believed to restrict blood flow, preventing the body from repairing damaged tissue.
Long-Term Damage: Organ Failure and Addiction
Chronic xylazine use can have devastating long-term consequences, including:
- Liver and kidney damage due to reduced blood flow and toxicity
- Severe withdrawal symptoms, including intense anxiety, agitation, and tremors
- Permanent respiratory damage, making breathing difficult even when sober
- Cognitive impairment, including memory loss and confusion
Why Xylazine Use Is on the Rise
Dealers often mix xylazine with fentanyl to make the high last longer and stretch their supply, meaning many users don’t even realize they’re taking it. Since it’s not an opioid, it can make fentanyl overdoses even harder to reverse and increases the risk of death.
With xylazine contaminating more of the drug supply, recognizing its dangers is critical. If you or someone you love is struggling with addiction, getting professional help is the safest way to reduce the risks and start the path to recovery.
